A method of improving the response time of vertical or in-plane alignment liquid crystal device using surface polymer stabilization augmented surface anchoring is introduced. A minute amount of a reactive monomer and photo-initiator is mixed with a nematic liquid crystal host and the mixture is polymerized under UV light to form sub-micron sized polymer protrusions on the two substrates of the cell. Experimental evidence proves that polymer-stabilized liquid crystal alignment minimizing the light leakage problem and maximizing light transmission. In addition, the surface polymer stabilized cells provide very small but well-defined pretilt angle which results in a fast turn-on time and the fine structure of polymer protrusions gives a larger polar or azimuthal anchoring energy which reduces the turn off time. This presentation will discuss two types of polymerized surfaces for homeotropic and planar liquid crystal alignments.

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The surface polymer stabilized networks (SPSNs) are employed in the in-plane switching vertically aligned (IPS-VA) liquid crystal (LC) devices to investigate their electro-optical properties. With this stronger anchoring effect, the black and white switching responses are significantly improved, and the polar viewing angle is more symmetric.

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This work demonstrated an optically tunable bistable phase switching, exploiting the conversion between left-handed and right-handed twisted nematic liquid crystals. Theoretical and experimental analyses revealed that the handedness inversion of the twisted nematic film altered the optical phase of the output waves by π. Herein, the competition between the helical twisting powers of the two reverse-handed chiral dopants determines the handedness of the twisted nematic film. Owing to the azobenzene chromophores dopants, this film are bistable and can be light driven between two reverse-handed twisted nematic liquid crystal film.

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Random lasing characteristics from infilling of dye-doped nematic liquid crystals (DD-NLCs) into single core capillaries was investigated at different temperature. As the temperature variation, the intensity and the linewidth of the emission spikes would be varied that was attributed the alignment and birefringence of the LCs.

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We combine brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and 3D displays, since 3D displays provide images with more information. The purpose is to investigate steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) of the stereoscopic stimulation in different disparity. The results showed a significant difference between disparity angles, and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of small angles is higher.

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We investigate dielectric spectrum (DS) of the liquid crystal (LC) cell. The obtained result reveals that the DS of the LC cell after DC stress is shift to the low frequency region. After stress, the DS of the LC cell is restored to the original position before DC stress. Furthermore, the restoring speed of the LC cell with image sticking is slower than that of the LC cell without image sticking.

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We fabricate the liquid crystal (LC) lens with two hole-patterned electrodes. The two hole-patterned electrodes have different aperture diameters, which effectively solve the disclination line of the LC lens with large diameter. In addition, the demonstrated LC lens with two-hole patterned electrodes has the features of coaxial dual focal lengths and aperture switching function.

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In order to improve the skin detection in 3D virtual keyboard, this paper establishes a new skin detection method based on the color space and the background subtraction, which promotes both the robustness and the speed of the skin detection program.

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We present a new technology for integrated touch and tactile feedback device to realize touch structure with tactile feedback function don’t have any extra device. It enables the design of a wide variety of driving method to allow user to feel virtual element through finger.

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We report successful implementation of room-temperature processed flexible n-InGaZnO/p-Cu2O heterojunction diodes on plastic substrates by sputtering technique. The flexible didoes exhibited a ideality factor of 1.4. The frequency response of the flexible diode rectifiers indicated high-frequency operation up to 27 MHz. These characteristics indicate promise for applications in flexible electronics.

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We study liquid crystal (LC) cell coated with poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) film under the exposure of ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation and temperature effect. UV exposure time is a key to determine the temperature required starting the switch of LCs alignment. Based on this effect, a TN grating is produced.

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When doped with salts possessing proper sizes, nearly doubled device efficiency can be obtained due to improved carrier balance. It demonstrates a feasible strategy to improve device performance of light-Emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) and clarifies the physical insights of the effect of salt size on carrier balance of LECs.

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In past, it cannot detect flaw in integrated gate driver circuit on thin-film-transistor array panel. We proposed in-process inspection with electro-optical measurement for that. The paper resulted a successfully inspection for the flaw on which including line defects and critical point defects in integrated gate driver circuit.

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We demonstrated the luminance increase of an organic light-emitting diode with reverse bias driving, which may come from the carrier trapping effect, which facilitated the carrier injection characteristics.

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In this paper, a study of the manufacturing method and optical performance of the coatable circular polarizer was reported. The reflectance and viewing angle characteristics are close to the commercial product. By which, a feasible way to enhance the contrast of the display in ambient light condition was proposed.

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A directional backlight based autostereoscopic display system with a hybrid spatialand temporal-control is demonstrated to have a number of distinct advantages over conventional lenticular- or barrier based autosteresocopy. The optical design of the system is based on the optimized figure of merit, a new definition for autostereoscopic display. Low cross talk, homogeneous viewing effect are all made possible with the optimized design. Wide viewing angle is demonstrated with a specially tailored backlight arrangement, and extension of z-viewing distance is also proposed and demonstrated.

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In this study, we reported amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) thin film transistor (TFTs) with a single-source double-layer concept processed on a glass substrate. The Al2O3 layer for gate dielectric material was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The a-IGZO TFT exhibit mobility of around 14.4 cm2/Vs. The mobility could be further increase by fine tuning the a-IGZO deposition condition. This technology is suitable to integrate into LCD or OLED implementing display.

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A IGZO precursor solution was developed to fulfill the requirements for direct photopatterning at micro and nanoscale and for achieving semi-conducting properties with DUV annealing at moderate temperature. The effect of DUV annealing was investigated. The process opens the door towards low-cost large-area technology.

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In transparent display, when object light passes through the edge of transparent region, diffraction would cause image blur on the edge of the object image. In this paper, diffraction effect of transparent type active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) was simulated, and used different transparent types of pixels to reduce the diffraction effort. After simulating the array structure, 43% diffraction width in X direction and 30% diffraction width in Y direction can be reduced in the transparent type processed by stagger.

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The objective of this paper is to analyze and eliminate moiré image arising from the liquid crystal display (LCD). The analysis and judgment of moiré degradation is based on Fourier transformation and human vision systems. The elimination of moiré behavior is to search optimum solution in the searching space through the particle swarm optimization (PSO). The verification result shows that moiré pattern can be predicted and judged. The moiré free range can be found by PSO in the design example.

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In this report, an inverted tandem organic light-emitting device (OLED) with the optimizations of connecting layer configurations has been studied. By comparing three different materials, a highly conductive connecting layer, WO3/Ag/WO3 was obtained for efficient tandem OLED.

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We fabricated a series of blue phosphorescent organic light emitting devices (OLED) by using 9-（2-（1-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl）phenyl）-9H-carbazole (o-CbzBz) as the host of the emitting layer. In addition, the dopant material is Bis[2-(4,6-difluorophenyl)pyridinato-C2,N](picolinato) iridium(lll) (FIrpic) . In this study, we investigate the performance of o-CbzBz OLEDs with various FIrpic concentrations. At the present, the 33.68 cd/A of current efficiency can be obtained at the 9% doping ratio.

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White organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) device combined with color filters (CFs) has become one of promising methods to produce full color AMOLED displays. To make a high resolution of the flexible CFs element is one of the key technologies. Currently, we have been fabricated 6-inch resolution 266ppi, color saturation NTSC ≧ 70%, transmittance≧ 40% of the color filter on a flexible substrate , and bending test to 7,500 times (bending radius of 7.5mm), RGB sub-pixel components without damage or crack case.

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Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) will possibly become the mainstream in lighting technology given that its features, such as self-luminosity, deflectivity, and penetrability, are different from those of common light sources. Studies on OLEDs have generally focused on the luminous efficiency of its components; however, selecting an optimum color mixing spectrum for OLEDs to apply on illumination has seldom been discussed. In this study, color mixing is conducted by combining two and three colors based on color mixing theory. Through screenings that employ related evaluation techniques such as chroma standard and color rendering, we identify a set of optimum color mixing spectra at different correlated color temperatures that will be evaluated via the color rendering index (CRI), the color quality scale (CQS), and the feeling of contrast index (FCI).

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In this study, the nitrogen-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:N) was adopted as the channel layer material of TFTs in order to enhance bias reliability. The optimized ZnO:N TFT exhibited the mobility of 7.62 cm2/V-s with a superior stability, the Vth shift was below 0.2 V under NBIS (-2.5MV/cm, 450nm illumination)

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We have developed three none real contacted touch panel systems that can operate reliably and sanitarily. A customized designed and manufactured conventional touch panel can operate non-contacting and at the distance up to 2cm. The other types are infrared LEDs net type and position detection optical types, can operated at larger distances.

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Chiral-azobenzene is a chiral dopant with optically tuned HTP that results from the photo-isomerization between trans- and cis-isomers via exposure to UV or visible light. Regarding free energy, LCs tend to be stable at planar (focal conic) textures when pitch length is elongated (shortened) by exposure to UV (visible) light.

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A method to realize 2D/3D switchable time-multiplexing autostereoscopic display with PDLC film is introduced. Quantitative measurements of luminance and crosstalk are executed to evaluate the optical performance on the display from PDLC film. It is also proposed that the PDLC should be synchronized with the backlight and screen.

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The electro-optical properties of cholesteric liquid crystal display driven by a three-terminal-electrode architecture are investigated. The developed device has two stable states, the standing-helix and lying-helix arrangements, achieved by the in-plane and vertical fields, respectively. Further, the long-term bright state of the device is kept without continuously supplying voltage.

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Optically compensated bend (OCB) cells are fabricated by doping the cross-linking monomer in nematic liquid crystals to control the pretilt angle with respect to the substrate surface. With the polymerization process, the twist structure in the initial state is achieved, which can reduce the warm-up time of the OCB cells.

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The cell thickness on optoelectric properties of blue phase liquid crystal displays is investigated and the relationship between the phase retardation (φ) and driving voltage (V) is measured. Using the φ–V relation, the Kerr constant is obtained, and different thicknesses will affect the Kerr constant.

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This paper reports the characteristic of flexible touch sensor film after de-bond between de-bonding layer and flexible substrate by differential pressure method. This method is easy, fast and safe for touch sensor film, which tact time is less than 1 sec and resistance variation increase only 85 Ohm after de-bond.

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Abstract – We investigate the electro-optical properties of the polymer stabilized blue-phase (BP) liquid crystals. The doped monomers accumulate at the defect cores, therefore stabilize BP structure and then increase the temperature range of BP state. The doped monomer also induces the appearance of spherical BP phase, which is not observed in the pristine BP mixture.

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A glass-free 3D interactive system involving a Leap Motion Controller and a full HD auto-stereoscopic display is presented. The system is capable of achieving high resolution 3D image, high accuracy, high speed and good robustness. Control of a virtual 3D keyboard is demonstrated to test the system

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The article introduces a quantified method to evaluate the perceptual resolution by comparing the contrast between the 2D and 3D displaying on an experimental device, which provides an objective evaluation on an auto-stereoscopic display that has not been standardized.

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We propose a wireless radio frequency identification system demodulator circuit which is used with amorphous silicon thin film transistor as the driving device. The function is analog data receiving and changes to digital data to back-end digital circuits. The suitable frequency range consistent with the definition of the frequency identification system (135KHz ~ 13.56MHz). By the feasibility of this circuit, it is possible that all digital circuits utilize amorphous silicon transistors gradually and replace the general bonding of IC. It’s not merely increases productivity significantly, but also achieves target that the RFID system on panel.

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We have investigated on the characteristics and the stability of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO TFTs) by nitrogen doping. Under deposition condition and annealing temperature, the optimized device showed the mobility of 19.21 cm2/Vs with subthreshold swing of 0.26 V/decade. Nitrogen doping improves the stability of indium gallium zinc oxide thin-film transistors and maintains the ease of device manufacture. These results showed the application potentials for flat panel display technology.

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We have developed a non-hardware three dimensions image display system. The images can be visualized as a 360° display and the system can also be interactively made to display the models in various poses. The analysis and the FLUENT software simulation are present in this article.

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A liquid crystal (LC) microlens with large dynamic focal length range at low operating voltage are demonstrated. As the voltage is increased, the phase retardation resulting from the center and edge is decreased and an effective focal length can be obtained. The electro-optical property is demonstrated.

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A new type exit pupil expander applied to laser scanning projector has been proposed in this letter. We describe the design method of MLA to achieve higher uniformity, and it can fit to any system which used laser as the light source.

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Polarized type Titmus stereo test book is used for testing stereopsis nowadays. But wearing the polarized glassed is not convenient and comfortable. To improve this problem, this study proposes a naked Titmus stereo test book to help people testing their stereopsis easily.

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A easier and less time comsuming simulation method using the Fourier transform was proposed to analysis moiré fringe in a touch panel display. The fringe was formed by an ITO layer and a color filter. We also changed the contrast of patterns in the simulation, in order to provide clearer moiré fringe.

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This paper presents a facile and low cost method to fabricate poly-dimethylxiloxane (PDMS) microlens arrays (MLAs) thin films for enhancing light extraction of white light organic light emitting diodes (WLOLED). The MLAs thin films were obtained by molding from breath figures PS (polystyrene) molds. One of the PDMS MLAs thin films was attached to the backside of the ITO substrate of a WLOLED to increase light out-coupling from the substrate mode. The maximum out-coupling efficiency improvement was 48%. The breath figures technique presented in this work is a mask-less fabrication technique which is useful to fabricate large area MLAs thin films to enhance light out-coupling efficiency of a WLOLED.

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In this paper, a-IGZO inorganic films were deposited at a fixed oblique angle 60° using radio-frequency sputtering on ITO glass as an alternative alignment layer for LCDs. The obtained critical voltage of LC cells is 1.8 V for both two different type of a-IGZO film as an alignment layer.

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An electrically activated bistable light shutter which exploits polymer-stabilized cholesteric liquid crystal film was developed. By using double-sided three-terminal electrode driving, it can be bistable, switched between focal conic and homeotropic textures with a uniform in-plane and vertical electrical field. The bistable light shutter can control illumination and the flow of energy.

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Polymer disperse liquid crystal (PDLC) is a new type of display device. In this article doping micro-sphere into PDLC can decrease the operating voltage to 45V and also have high transmittanceΔT about 65%.

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We investigated the widely tuning of lasing peak from dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal in glass cell through temperature. As the pump laser was focused at different position on the cell, the peak wavelength is widely tunable from 561 to 639 nm owing to the pitch variation of the photonic crystal.

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The reduction of speckle noise was first experimentally demonstrated by using the polymer dispersed liquid crystals. Above the 30 Hz repetition rate triangular function, the speckle noise reduction condition was trigged.External voltage about 8V, the minimum of contrast and the largest value of the reduction ratio, speckle noise was obtained.

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This study investigated the usage of pulse-DC sputtering for indium-gallium-zinc oxide (IGZO) channel deposition, and improved the device performance of a thin-film transistor (TFT). The pulse-DC system can be operated with modulated pulse frequency for increased deposition rate and reduced arc-damaged defects for the thin-film deposition. The IGZO films fabricated at a duty cycle of 35% were adopted as the transistor channel layer of a TFT, which exhibited an improved carrier mobility of 5.86 cm2/V-s, a subthreshold swing of 0.5 V/dec, an off current of 1.1 × 10-10 A, and an on-off current ratio of 3.2 × 105. The results indicate that pulse-DC sputtering can be used in developing TFTs with superior device characteristics.

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Holographic 3D display is a true 3D display technology, which can provide realistic 3D images without any special eyewear for observers. It will be ultimately developed into holographic 3D TV. However, dynamic holography has not been applied in 3D video display because of limitations of current holographic display devices-spatial light modulators and slow-response dynamic holographic materials with hologram refresh rate, less than 25 Hz. Recently, we achieved real-time dynamic holographic 3D display in a super-fast response liquid crystal films. The hologram formation time and self-erasable time can both reach ~ 1 ms in the films. Holographic 3D video display with refresh rate, at least 60Hz,was realized using it without any cross talk. Moreover, any SLMs or other holographic display devices resulting from these materials need not to be pixilated. It is easier to fabricate large-size color video-rate holographic 3D displays by using these materials. We have designed holographic 3D video display systems and are trying to build a holographic 3D TV using the liquid crystal screen. This paper will focus on holographic 3D video display of liquid crystal films, and present their potential applications in a large-size, high-definition, and color holographic 3D video display-holographic 3D TV.

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Viewing depth is usually limited in integral imaging system and must be improved for practical applications. A proposed way of image reconstruction with depth enhancement via sequential double lens arrays is investigated and demonstrated in this study.

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The time-multiplexed system is an excellent choice when considering full-resolution three-dimension(3D) images and 2D/3D switchable functionality. However, the current directional sequential backlight system can allow only one observer at a time to watch the 3D image. Under the circumstances, we proposed multi-user 3D film to increase the number of observers. Not only it can increase the observer from one to three, but also easy to carry and simple to align.

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This system was basically a camera-based system and overcome the issue of inactive region in near field by using direct-flective sensors. Finally, the concept was verified on a virtual 8-inch display. The maximum working range and the mean error in near field is 50 cm and 1.2 cm.

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Traditional color mapping is using red, green, and blue three channels independently for adjustment on device. However, it will make some errors. In this paper, we use RGB without independence for color mapping. Finally, realizing it on FPGA and using a movie to demonstrate by changing specific color with other colors unchanged.

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